公開發行公司取得或處分資產處理準則

These Regulations are adopted in accordance with the provisions of Article 36-1 of the Securities and Exchange Act ("the Act").

1Public companies shall handle the acquisition or disposal of assets in compliance with these Regulations; provided, where financial laws or regulations provide otherwise, such provisions shall govern.

2When banks, insurance companies, bill finance companies, securities firms, futures commission merchants, leverage transaction merchants, or other financial enterprises whose operation requires special approval, conduct derivatives trading business or engage in derivatives trading, they shall do so in accordance with the provisions of the other laws and regulations that govern their sectors, and are exempt from the provisions of Chapter II, Section IV herein.

1The term "assets" as used in these Regulations includes the following:

21. Investments in stocks, government bonds, corporate bonds, financial bonds, securities representing interest in a fund, depositary receipts, call (put) warrants, beneficial interest securities, and asset-backed securities.

32. Real property (including land, houses and buildings, investment property, and construction enterprise inventory) and equipment.

43. Memberships.

54. Patents, copyrights, trademarks, franchise rights, and other intangible assets.

65. Right-of-use assets.

76. Claims of financial institutions (including receivables, bills purchased and discounted, loans, and overdue receivables).

87. Derivatives.

98. Assets acquired or disposed of in connection with mergers, demergers, acquisitions, or transfer of shares in accordance with law.

1Terms used in these Regulations are defined as follows:

21. Derivatives: Forward contracts, options contracts, futures contracts, leverage contracts, or swap contracts, whose value is derived from a specified interest rate, financial instrument price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index of prices or rates, credit rating or credit index, or other variable; or hybrid contracts combining the above contracts; or hybrid contracts or structured products containing embedded derivatives. The term "forward contracts" does not include insurance contracts, performance contracts, after-sales service contracts, long-term leasing contracts, or long-term purchase (sales) contracts.

32. Assets acquired or disposed through mergers, demergers, acquisitions, or transfer of shares in accordance with law: Refers to assets acquired or disposed through mergers, demergers, or acquisitions conducted under the Business Mergers and Acquisitions Act, Financial Holding Company Act, Financial Institution Merger Act and other acts, or to transfer of shares from another company through issuance of new shares of its own as the consideration therefor (hereinafter "transfer of shares") under Article 156-3 of the Company Act.

43. Related party or subsidiary: As defined in the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers.

54. Professional appraiser: Refers to a real property appraiser or other person duly authorized by law to engage in the value appraisal of real property or equipment.

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1Professional appraisers and their officers, certified public accounts, attorneys, and securities underwriters that provide public companies with appraisal reports, certified public accountant's opinions, attorney's opinions, or underwriter's opinions shall meet the following requirements:

21. May not have previously received a final and unappealable sentence to imprisonment for 1 year or longer for a violation of the Act, the Company Act, the Banking Act of The Republic of China, the Insurance Act, the Financial Holding Company Act, or the Business Entity Accounting Act, or for fraud, breach of trust, embezzlement, forgery of documents, or occupational crime. However, this provision does not apply if 3 years have already passed since completion of service of the sentence, since expiration of the period of a suspended sentence, or since a pardon was received.

32. May not be a related party or de facto related party of any party to the transaction.

43. If the company is required to obtain appraisal reports from two or more professional appraisers, the different professional appraisers or appraisal officers may not be related parties or de facto related parties of each other.

5When issuing an appraisal report or opinion, the personnel referred to in the preceding paragraph shall comply with the self-regulatory rules of the industry associations to which they belong and with the following provisions:

61. Prior to accepting a case, they shall prudently assess their own professional capabilities, practical experience, and independence.

1A public company shall establish its procedures for the acquisition or disposal of assets in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations. After the procedures have been approved by the board of directors, they shall be submitted to each supervisor, and then to a shareholders' meeting for approval; the same applies when the procedures are amended. If any director expresses dissent and it is contained in the minutes or a written statement, the company shall submit the director's dissenting opinion to each supervisor.

2Where the position of independent director has been created in accordance with the provisions of the Act, when the procedures for the acquisition and disposal of assets are submitted for discussion by the board of directors pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the board of directors shall take into full consideration each independent director's opinions. If an independent director objects to or expresses reservations about any matter, it shall be recorded in the minutes of the board of directors meeting.

3Where an audit committee has been established in accordance with the provisions of the Act, when the procedures for the acquisition and disposal of assets are adopted or amended they shall be approved by one-half or more of all audit committee members and submitted to the board of directors for a resolution.

4If approval of one-half or more of all audit committee members as required in the preceding paragraph is not obtained, the procedures may be implemented if approved by two-thirds or more of all directors, and the resolution of the audit committee shall be recorded in the minutes of the board of directors meeting.

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1A public company shall specify the following items in its procedures for the acquisition or disposal of assets, and handle the acquisition or disposal matters in compliance with the procedures:

21. The scope of assets.

32. Appraisal procedures: Shall include the means of price determination and supporting reference materials.

43. Operating procedures: Shall include the degree of authority delegated, the levels to which authority is delegated, the units responsible for implementation, and transaction process.

54. Public announcement and regulatory filing procedures.

65. Total amounts of real property and right-of-use assets thereof or securities acquired by the company and each subsidiary for business use, and limits on individual securities.

76. Control procedures for the acquisition and disposal of assets by subsidiaries.

87. Penalties for personnel violating these Regulations or the procedures for the acquisition or disposal of assets.

1With respect to a public company's acquisition or disposal of assets that is subject to the approval of the board of directors under the company's procedures or other laws or regulations, if a director expresses dissent and it is contained in the minutes or a written statement, the company shall submit the director's dissenting opinion to each supervisor.

2Where the position of independent director has been created in accordance with the provisions of the Act, when a transaction involving the acquisition or disposal of assets is submitted for discussion by the board of directors pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the board of directors shall take into full consideration each independent director's opinions. If an independent director objects to or expresses reservations about any matter, it shall be recorded in the minutes of the board of directors meeting.

3Where an audit committee has been established in accordance with the provisions of the Act, any transaction involving major assets or derivatives shall be approved by one-half or more of all audit committee members and submitted to the board of directors for a resolution, and shall be subject to mutatis mutandis application of Article 6, paragraphs 4 and 5.

1In acquiring or disposing of real property, equipment, or right-of-use assets thereof where the transaction amount reaches 20 percent of the company's paid-in capital or NT$300 million or more, the company, unless transacting with a domestic government agency, engaging others to build on its own land, engaging others to build on rented land, or acquiring or disposing of equipment or right-of-use assets thereof held for business use, shall obtain an appraisal report prior to the date of occurrence of the event from a professional appraiser and shall further comply with the following provisions:

21. Where due to special circumstances it is necessary to give a limited price, specified price, or special price as a reference basis for the transaction price, the transaction shall be submitted for approval in advance by the board of directors; the same procedure shall also be followed whenever there is any subsequent change to the terms and conditions of the transaction.

32. Where the transaction amount is NT$1 billion or more, appraisals from two or more professional appraisers shall be obtained.

43. Where any one of the following circumstances applies with respect to the professional appraiser's appraisal results, unless all the appraisal results for the assets to be acquired are higher than the transaction amount, or all the appraisal results for the assets to be disposed of are lower than the transaction amount, a certified public accountant shall be engaged to render a specific opinion regarding the reason for the discrepancy and the appropriateness of the transaction price:

5A. The discrepancy between the appraisal result and the transaction amount is 20 percent or more of the transaction amount.

A public company acquiring or disposing of securities shall, prior to the date of occurrence of the event, obtain financial statements of the issuing company for the most recent period, certified or reviewed by a certified public accountant, for reference in appraising the transaction price, and if the dollar amount of the transaction is 20 percent of the company's paid-in capital or NT$300 million or more, the company shall additionally engage a certified public accountant prior to the date of occurrence of the event to provide an opinion regarding the reasonableness of the transaction price. This requirement does not apply, however, to publicly quoted prices of securities that have an active market, or where otherwise provided by regulations of the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC).

Where a public company acquires or disposes of intangible assets or right-of-use assets thereof or memberships and the transaction amount reaches 20 percent or more of paid-in capital or NT$300 million or more, except in transactions with a domestic government agency, the company shall engage a certified public accountant prior to the date of occurrence of the event to render an opinion on the reasonableness of the transaction price.

The calculation of the transaction amounts referred to in the preceding three articles shall be done in accordance with Article 31, paragraph 2 herein, and "within the preceding year" as used herein refers to the year preceding the date of occurrence of the current transaction. Items for which an appraisal report from a professional appraiser or a CPA's opinion has been obtained need not be counted toward the transaction amount.

Where a public company acquires or disposes of assets through court auction procedures, the evidentiary documentation issued by the court may be substituted for the appraisal report or CPA opinion.

1When a public company engages in any acquisition or disposal of assets from or to a related party, in addition to ensuring that the necessary resolutions are adopted and the reasonableness of the transaction terms is appraised, if the transaction amount reaches 10 percent or more of the company's total assets, the company shall also obtain an appraisal report from a professional appraiser or a CPA's opinion in compliance with the provisions of the preceding Section and this Section.

2The calculation of the transaction amount referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be made in accordance with Article 12 herein.

3When judging whether a transaction counterparty is a related party, in addition to legal formalities, the substance of the relationship shall also be considered.

1When a public company intends to acquire or dispose of real property or right-of-use assets thereof from or to a related party, or when it intends to acquire or dispose of assets other than real property or right-of-use assets thereof from or to a related party and the transaction amount reaches 20 percent or more of paid-in capital, 10 percent or more of the company's total assets, or NT$300 million or more, except in trading of domestic government bonds or bonds under repurchase and resale agreements, or subscription or redemption of money market funds issued by domestic securities investment trust enterprises, the company may not proceed to enter into a transaction contract or make a payment until the following matters have been approved by the board of directors and recognized by the supervisors:

21. The purpose, necessity and anticipated benefit of the acquisition or disposal of assets.

32. The reason for choosing the related party as a transaction counterparty.

43. With respect to the acquisition of real property or right-of-use assets thereof from a related party, information regarding appraisal of the reasonableness of the preliminary transaction terms in accordance with Article 16 and Article 17.

54. The date and price at which the related party originally acquired the real property, the original transaction counterparty, and that transaction counterparty's relationship to the company and the related party.

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1A public company that acquires real property or right-of-use assets thereof from a related party shall evaluate the reasonableness of the transaction costs by the following means:

21. Based upon the related party's transaction price plus necessary interest on funding and the costs to be duly borne by the buyer. "Necessary interest on funding" is imputed as the weighted average interest rate on borrowing in the year the company purchases the property; provided, it may not be higher than the maximum non-financial industry lending rate announced by the Ministry of Finance.

32. Total loan value appraisal from a financial institution where the related party has previously created a mortgage on the property as security for a loan; provided, the actual cumulative amount loaned by the financial institution shall have been 70 percent or more of the financial institution's appraised loan value of the property and the period of the loan shall have been 1 year or more. However, this shall not apply where the financial institution is a related party of one of the transaction counterparties.

4Where land and structures thereupon are combined as a single property purchased or leased in one transaction, the transaction costs for the land and the structures may be separately appraised in accordance with either of the means listed in the preceding paragraph.

5A public company that acquires real property or right-of-use assets thereof from a related party and appraises the cost of the real property or right-of-use assets thereof in accordance with the preceding two paragraphs shall also engage a CPA to check the appraisal and render a specific opinion.

1When the results of a public company's appraisal conducted in accordance with paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 of the preceding Article are uniformly lower than the transaction price, the matter shall be handled in compliance with Article 18. However, where the following circumstances exist, objective evidence has been submitted and specific opinions on reasonableness have been obtained from a professional real property appraiser and a CPA have been obtained, this restriction shall not apply:

21. Where the related party acquired undeveloped land or leased land for development, it may submit proof of compliance with one of the following conditions:

3A. Where undeveloped land is appraised in accordance with the means in the preceding Article, and structures according to the related party's construction cost plus reasonable construction profit are valued in excess of the actual transaction price. The "Reasonable construction profit" shall be deemed the average gross operating profit margin of the related party's construction division over the most recent 3 years or the gross profit margin for the construction industry for the most recent period as announced by the Ministry of Finance, whichever is lower.

4B. Completed transactions by unrelated parties within the preceding year involving other floors of the same property or neighboring or closely valued parcels of land, where the land area and transaction terms are similar after calculation of reasonable price discrepancies in floor or area land prices in accordance with standard property market sale or leasing practices.

52. Where a public company acquiring real property, or obtaining real property right-of-use assets through leasing, from a related party provides evidence that the terms of the transaction are similar to the terms of completed transactions involving neighboring or closely valued parcels of land of a similar size by unrelated parties within the preceding year.

1Where a public company acquires real property or right-of-use assets thereof from a related party and the results of appraisals conducted in accordance with the preceding two articles are uniformly lower than the transaction price, the following steps shall be taken:

21. A special reserve shall be set aside in accordance with Article 41, paragraph 1 of the Act against the difference between the real property transaction price and the appraised cost, and may not be distributed or used for capital increase or issuance of bonus shares. Where a public company uses the equity method to account for its investment in another company, then the special reserve called for under Article 41, paragraph of the Act shall be set aside pro rata in a proportion consistent with the share of public company's equity stake in the other company.

32. Supervisors shall comply with Article 218 of the Company Act. Where an audit committee has been established in accordance with the provisions of the Act, the preceding part of this subparagraph shall apply mutatis mutandis to the independent director members of the audit committee.

43. Actions taken pursuant to the preceding two subparagraphs shall be reported to a shareholders meeting, and the details of the transaction shall be disclosed in the annual report and any investment prospectus.

5A public company that has set aside a special reserve under the preceding paragraph may not utilize the special reserve until it has recognized a loss on decline in market value of the assets it purchased or leased at a premium, or they have been disposed of, or the leasing contract has been terminated, or adequate compensation has been made, or the status quo ante has been restored, or there is other evidence confirming that there was nothing unreasonable about the transaction, and the FSC has given its consent.

1Public companies engaging in derivatives trading shall pay strict attention to control of the following important risk management and auditing matters, and incorporate them into their Procedures:

21. Trading principles and strategies: Shall include the types of derivatives that may be traded, operating or hedging strategies, segregation of duties, essentials of performance evaluation, total amount of derivatives contracts that my be traded, and the maximum loss limit on total trading and for individual contracts.

32. Risk management measures.

43. Internal audit system.

54. Regular evaluation methods and the handling of irregular circumstances.

1A public company engaging in derivatives trading shall adopt the following risk management measures:

21. Risk management shall address credit, market, liquidity, cash flow, operational, and legal risks.

32. Personnel engaged in derivatives trading may not serve concurrently in other operations such as confirmation and settlement.

43. Risk measurement, monitoring, and control personnel shall be assigned to a different department that the personnel in the preceding subparagraph and shall report to the board of directors or senior management personnel with no responsibility for trading or position decision-making.

54. Derivatives trading positions held shall be evaluated at least once per week; however, positions for hedge trades required by business shall be evaluated at least twice per month. Evaluation reports shall be submitted to senior management personnel authorized by the board of directors.

65. Other important risk management measures.

1Where a public company engaging in derivatives trading, its board of directors shall faithfully supervise and manage such trading in accordance with the following principles:

21. Designate senior management personnel to pay continuous attention to monitoring and controlling derivatives trading risk.

32. Periodically evaluate whether derivatives trading performance is consistent with established operational strategy and whether the risk undertaken is within the company's permitted scope of tolerance.

4Senior management personnel authorized by the board of directors shall manage derivatives trading in accordance with the following principles:

51. Periodically evaluate the risk management measures currently employed are appropriate and are faithfully conducted in accordance with these Regulations and the procedures for engaging in derivatives trading formulated by the company.

62. When irregular circumstances are found in the course of supervising trading and profit-loss circumstances, appropriate measures shall be adopted and a report immediately made to the board of directors; where a company has independent directors, an independent director shall be present at the meeting and express an opinion.

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1A public company engaging in derivatives trading shall establish a log book in which details of the types and amounts of derivatives trading engaged in, board of directors approval dates, and the matters required to be carefully evaluated under subparagraph 4 of Article 20 and subparagraph 2 of paragraph 1, and subparagraph 1 of paragraph 2, of the preceding article shall be recorded in detail in the log book.

2A public company's internal audit personnel shall periodically make a determination of the suitability of internal controls on derivatives and conduct a monthly audit of how faithfully derivatives trading by the trading department adheres to the procedures for engaging in derivatives trading, and prepare an audit report. If any material violation is discovered, all supervisors shall be notified in writing.

3Where independent directors have been appointed in accordance with the provisions of the Act, for matters for which notice shall be given to the supervisors under the preceding paragraph, written notice shall also be given to the independent directors.

4Where an audit committee has been established in accordance with the provisions of the Act, the provisions of paragraph 2 relating to supervisors shall apply mutatis mutandis to the audit committee.

A public company that conducts a merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares, prior to convening the board of directors to resolve on the matter, shall engage a CPA, attorney, or securities underwriter to give an opinion on the reasonableness of the share exchange ratio, acquisition price, or distribution of cash or other property to shareholders, and submit it to the board of directors for deliberation and passage. However, the requirement of obtaining an aforesaid opinion on reasonableness issued by an expert may be exempted in the case of a merger by a public company of a subsidiary in which it directly or indirectly holds 100 percent of the issued shares or authorized capital, and in the case of a merger between subsidiaries in which the public company directly or indirectly holds 100 percent of the respective subsidiaries issued shares or authorized capital.

1A public company participating in a merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares shall prepare a public report to shareholders detailing important contractual content and matters relevant to the merger, demerger, or acquisition prior to the shareholders meeting and include it along with the expert opinion referred to in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article when sending shareholders notification of the shareholders meeting for reference in deciding whether to approve the merger, demerger, or acquisition. Provided, where a provision of another act exempts a company from convening a shareholders meeting to approve the merger, demerger, or acquisition, this restriction shall not apply.

2Where the shareholders meeting of any one of the companies participating in a merger, demerger, or acquisition fails to convene or pass a resolution due to lack of a quorum, insufficient votes, or other legal restriction, or the proposal is rejected by the shareholders meeting, the companies participating in the merger, demerger or acquisition shall immediately publicly explain the reason, the follow-up measures, and the preliminary date of the next shareholders meeting.

1A company participating in a merger, demerger, or acquisition shall convene a board of directors meeting and shareholders meeting on the day of the transaction to resolve matters relevant to the merger, demerger, or acquisition, unless another act provides otherwise or the FSC is notified in advance of extraordinary circumstances and grants consent.

2A company participating in a transfer of shares shall call a board of directors meeting on the day of the transaction, unless another act provides otherwise or the FSC is notified in advance of extraordinary circumstances and grants consent.

3When participating in a merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of another company's shares, a company that is listed on an exchange or has its shares traded on an OTC market shall prepare a full written record of the following information and retain it for 5 years for reference:

41. Basic identification data for personnel: Including the occupational titles, names, and national ID numbers (or passport numbers in the case of foreign nationals) of all persons involved in the planning or implementation of any merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of another company's shares prior to disclosure of the information.

52. Dates of material events: Including the signing of any letter of intent or memorandum of understanding, the hiring of a financial or legal advisor, the execution of a contract, and the convening of a board of directors meeting.

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Every person participating in or privy to the plan for merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares shall issue a written undertaking of confidentiality and may not disclose the content of the plan prior to public disclosure of the information and may not trade, in their own name or under the name of another person, in any stock or other equity security of any company related to the plan for merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares.

1Public companies participating in a merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares may not arbitrarily alter the share exchange ratio or acquisition price unless under the below-listed circumstances, and shall stipulate the circumstances permitting alteration in the contract for the merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares:

21. Cash capital increase, issuance of convertible corporate bonds, or the issuance of bonus shares, issuance of corporate bonds with warrants, preferred shares with warrants, stock warrants, or other equity based securities.

32. An action, such as a disposal of major assets, that affects the company's financial operations.

43. An event, such as a major disaster or major change in technology, that affects shareholder equity or share price.

54. An adjustment where any of the companies participating in the merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares from another company, buys back treasury stock.

65. An increase or decrease in the number of entities or companies participating in the merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares.

76. Other terms/conditions that the contract stipulates may be altered and that have been publicly disclosed.

1The contract for participation by a public company in a merger, demerger, acquisition, or of shares shall record the rights and obligations of the companies participating in the merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares, and shall also record the following:

21. Handling of breach of contract.

32. Principles for the handling of equity-type securities previously issued or treasury stock previously bought back by any company that is extinguished in a merger or that is demerged.

43. The amount of treasury stock participating companies are permitted under law to buy back after the record date of calculation of the share exchange ratio, and the principles for handling thereof.

54. The manner of handling changes in the number of participating entities or companies.

65. Preliminary progress schedule for plan execution, and anticipated completion date.

76. Scheduled date for convening the legally mandated shareholders meeting if the plan exceeds the deadline without completion, and relevant procedures.

After public disclosure of the information, if any company participating in the merger, demerger, acquisition, or share transfer intends further to carry out a merger, demerger, acquisition, or share transfer with another company, all of the participating companies shall carry out anew the procedures or legal actions that had originally been completed toward the merger, demerger, acquisition, or share transfer; except that where the number of participating companies is decreased and a participating company's shareholders meeting has adopted a resolution authorizing the board of directors to alter the limits of authority, such participating company may be exempted from calling another shareholders meeting to resolve on the matter anew.

Where any of the companies participating in a merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares is not a public company, the public company(s) shall sign an agreement with the non-public company whereby the latter is required to abide by the provisions of Article 25, Article 26, and the preceding article.

1Under any of the following circumstances, a public company acquiring or disposing of assets shall publicly announce and report the relevant information on the FSC's designated website in the appropriate format as prescribed by regulations within 2 days counting inclusively from the date of occurrence of the event:

21. Acquisition or disposal of real property or right-of-use assets thereof from or to a related party, or acquisition or disposal of assets other than real property or right-of-use assets thereof from or to a related party where the transaction amount reaches 20 percent or more of paid-in capital, 10 percent or more of the company's total assets, or NT$300 million or more; provided, this shall not apply to trading of domestic government bonds or bonds under repurchase and resale agreements, or subscription or redemption of money market funds issued by domestic securities investment trust enterprises.

32. Merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares.

43. Losses from derivatives trading reaching the limits on aggregate losses or losses on individual contracts set out in the procedures adopted by the company.

54. Where equipment or right-of-use assets thereof for business use are acquired or disposed of, and furthermore the transaction counterparty is not a related party, and the transaction amount meets any of the following criteria:

6A. For a public company whose paid-in capital is less than NT$10 billion, the transaction amount reaches NT$500 million or more.

1Where any of the following circumstances occurs with respect to a transaction that a public company has already publicly announced and reported in accordance with the preceding article, a public report of relevant information shall be made on the information reporting website designated by the FSC within 2 days counting inclusively from the date of occurrence of the event:

21. Change, termination, or rescission of a contract signed in regard to the original transaction.

32. The merger, demerger, acquisition, or transfer of shares is not completed by the scheduled date set forth in the contract.

43. Change to the originally publicly announced and reported information.

Public enterprises acquiring or disposing of assets are required to carry out information disclosure in compliance with the provisions of the preceding Chapter, but otherwise are exempted from observing the provisions of these Regulations.

1Information required to be publicly announced and reported in accordance with the provisions of the preceding Chapter on acquisitions and disposals of assets by a public company's subsidiary that is not itself a public company in Taiwan shall be reported by the public company.

2The paid-in capital or total assets of the public company shall be the standard applicable to a subsidiary referred to in the preceding paragraph in determining whether, relative to paid-in capital or total assets, it reaches a threshold requiring public announcement and regulatory filing under Article 31, paragraph 1.

1For the calculation of 10 percent of total assets under these Regulations, the total assets stated in the most recent parent company only financial report or individual financial report prepared under the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers shall be used.

2In the case of a company whose shares have no par value or a par value other than NT$10 Xfor the calculation of transaction amounts of 20 percent of paid-in capital under these Regulations, 10 percent of equity attributable to owners of the parent shall be substituted; for the calculation of transaction amounts of 5 percent of paid-in capital under these Regulations, 2.5 percent of equity attributable to owners of the parent shall be substituted; for calculations under the provisions of these Regulations regarding transaction amounts relative to paid-in capital of NT$10 billion, NT$20 billion of equity attributable to owners of the parent shall be substituted; for calculations under the provisions of these Regulations regarding transaction amounts relative to paid-in capital of NT$50 billion, NT$100 billion of equity attributable to owners of the parent shall be substituted.

1These Regulations shall be enforced from 1 January 2019.

2Amendments to these Regulations shall be enforced from the date of issuance.